[ITPASS2015] Apache のインストールと設定
Apache のインストールと設定
最新バージョンの状況に合わせて作業内容を見直しながら行う.
ビルドのための設定
ソースを取得・展開する.
- apache の最新バージョンを <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/> から確認し, 取得・展開する.
※ 2015 年 10 月 20 日時点の最新バージョンは 2.4.17 である.
# cd /usr/local/src # wget 'http://ftp.tsukuba.wide.ad.jp/software/apache//httpd/httpd-2.4.17.tar.gz' # tar xvfz httpd-2.4.17.tar.gz # cd httpd-2.4.17
configure を行う
- インストール先と configure の際につけるオプションは以下の通りである.
- インストール先
- /usr/local/apache2 (apache2 のデフォルト)
- configure の際に --prefix の設定は不要
- /usr/local/apache2 (apache2 のデフォルト)
- インストール先
- configure オプション (: 目的)
- --enable-ssl (: apache-ssl を動作させるため)
- --enable-rewrite (: mod_rewrite を使用するため)
- gate の登録窓口を http から https へ移動させたい
- --enable-so (: DSO (Dynamic shared object: 動的共有オブジェクト) を使用するため)
- --with-included-apr (: ビルド時に "Cannot use an external APR-util with the bundled APR" とエラーが生じる場合があるため)
- apache2.4.x では apr と apr-util を別途用意する必要が有るため, <URL: http://apr.apache.org/download.cgi/> から最新版を取得し, 展開する. (参照: <URL: http://weblabo.oscasierra.net/install-apache24-1/>)
$ wget 'http://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/apache/apr/apr-1.5.2.tar.gz' $ tar xzf apr-1.5.2.tar.gz $ cd apr-1.5.2 $ sudo ./configure $ sudo make $ sudo make install $ wget 'http://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/apache/apr/apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz' $ tar xzf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz $ cd apr-util-1.5.4 $ ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr $ sudo make install
- PCRE をインストールする
$ sudo apt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev
- configure を行う
$ sudo ./configure --enable-ssl --enable-rewrite --enable-so --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
- configure の結果は config.log や build/config_vars.mk を参照する.
- インストール先と configure の際につけるオプションは以下の通りである.
ビルドとインストール
# make # make install
- /usr/local/apache2 の下に以下のディレクトリが作成されていることを確認する.
XXXX@xxx-itpass:/usr/local/apache2$ ls bin build cgi-bin conf error htdocs icons include logs man manual modules
実行ファイルへのパスの設定
- インストールされた Apache のバイナリファイル群へパスを通す.
- [ITPASS2014]パスの設定 の <一般ユーザ用コマンドのパス> と <システム管理用コマンドのパス> の両方に /usr/local/apache2/bin を追加する. (システム管理用コマンドも一般ユーザ用コマンドと同じ場所にインストールされているため, システム管理用コマンドの設定を別途行う必要は無い).
- 具体的には, 以下のようにする.
/etc/bash.bashrc の冒頭に
# add PATH for local installed softwares PATH="${PATH}:/usr/local/apache2/bin" # add PATH for local installed softwares (for root) if [ "`id -u`" -eq 0 ]; then PATH="${PATH}:/usr/local/apache2/bin" fi export PATH
を追加する.
/etc/csh.cshrc の冒頭に
# add PATH for local installed softwares set path = ($path /usr/local/bin /usr/bin /bin /usr/local/apache2/bin) # add PATH for local installed softwares (for root) if ( "`id -u`" == 0 ) then set path = ($path /usr/local/sbin /usr/sbin /sbin /usr/local/apache2/bin) endif
を追加する.
/etc/zsh/zshenv に
# add PATH for local installed softwares export PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/apache2/bin” # add PATH for local installed softwares (for root) if [ "`id -u`" -eq 0 ]; then export PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/apache2/bin” fi # delete duplicated path setting typeset -U path
の記述を追加する.
マニュアルへのパスの設定
- インストールされた Apache のマニュアル群へパスを通す.
/etc/manpath.config に以下の行を追加する. 詳しくは [ITPASS2014]パスの設定#man 関連のパスの設定 を参照.
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/apache2/man MANPATH_MAP /usr/local/apache2/bin /usr/local/apache2/man MANDB_MAP /usr/local/apache2/man /usr/local/apache2/man
モジュールの確認, 追加
インストールした apache2 で有効になっているモジュールを確認する.
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -t -D DUMP_MODULES
- 結果, 以下の3つが最低限有効になっているかを確認する.
- ssl_module
- rewrite_module
- userdir_module
- 結果, 以下の3つが最低限有効になっているかを確認する.
- 有効になっていない場合, 以下のように対処する
- DSO(Dynamic Shared Object) を有効にしているので (configure 時に --enable-so をつけた), モジュールを追加する.
mod_rewrite
# cd /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.10/modules/mappers # apxs -c mod_rewrite.c # apxs -i -a -n rewrite mod_rewrite.la
mod_ssl
# cd /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.10/modules/ssl # apxs -c mod_ssl.c # apxs -i -a -c -I /usr/include/openssl -D HAVE_OPENSSL=1 -lcrypto -lssl *.c
mod_userdir
# cd /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.10/modules/mappers # apxs -c mod_userdir.c # apxs -i -a -n rewrite mod_userdir.la
- DSO(Dynamic Shared Object) を有効にしているので (configure 時に --enable-so をつけた), モジュールを追加する.
設定ファイルの編集
各種設定ファイルは以下のとおり.
- httpd 用
- /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
- httpd-ssl
- /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
- 各ユーザの public_html 以下の設定用
- /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
変更の要点は以下の通りである(以下は変更点の概要であり, 実際に行う作業はこのあとに記述).
- httpd.conf
- HTTP デーモンを起動するユーザを www-data にする
- サーバ管理者 (ServerAdmin) のメールアドレスを設定
- サーバ名 (ServerName) を設定
- サーバのデフォルトルート (DefaultRoot) を /~itpass に設定
- ディレクトリのインデックスファイルに index.html 以外に index.htm index.htm.en index.html.en index.htm.ja index.html.ja も追加.
- エラーログファイルを /var/log/httpd-error.log に設定
- アクセスログファイルを /var/log/httpd-access.log に設定
- CGI に関する設定を変更
- extra/httpd-vhosts.confをロード
- extra/httpd-userdir.conf をロード
- extra/httpd-ssl.conf をロード
- /~gate, および /cgi-bin に対するアクセスを HTTPS へ移動させる.
- hiki.cgi の置かれた場所で設定したすべての設定値の変更を, 下位のディレクトリで変更できるようにする.
- hiki-IPtable 以外では, mod_negotiation によるコンテントネゴシエーションされた "MultiViews" を許可する.
- httpd-vhosts.conf
- {epa,aoe}.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp 宛の接続を受ける (virtual host)
- ドキュメントルートは /home/{epalab,aoelab}/public_html にする
- 管理者メールアドレスは itpadmin _at_ ... にする
- http://{epa,aoe}.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/~gate/ 以下に対するアクセスを https://itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/~gate に移動させる
- http://itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/{/hiki,/~epalab/hiki,/~itpass/hiki} に対するアクセスのみ HTTPS へ移動させる. その際, URI のエンコードは行わない.
- {epa,aoe}.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp 宛の接続を受ける (virtual host)
- httpd-userdir.conf
- 所有者がマッチしなくてもシンボリックリンクの公開を許可する.
- httpd-ssl.conf
- ドキュメントルート (DocumentRoot), サーバ名 (ServerName), サーバ管理者アドレス (ServerAdmin), エラーログ (ErrorLog), アクセスログ (TransferLog) を設定する
- epa.scitec, aoe.scitec の場合の https 接続を設定する
オリジナルとの diff
httpd.conf
chikuwa3@tako-itpass:/usr/local/apache2/conf$ sudo diff -u original/httpd.conf httpd.conf --- original/httpd.conf 2015-10-22 18:14:23.846681507 +0900 +++ httpd.conf 2015-10-22 10:55:25.874182514 +0900 @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ # same ServerRoot for multiple httpd daemons, you will need to change at # least PidFile. # -ServerRoot "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17" +ServerRoot "/usr/local/apache2" # # Mutex: Allows you to set the mutex mechanism and mutex file directory @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ # # Example: # LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so -# +LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so #LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.so #LoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.so @@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ #LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so #LoadModule allowmethods_module modules/mod_allowmethods.so #LoadModule file_cache_module modules/mod_file_cache.so -#LoadModule cache_module modules/mod_cache.so +LoadModule cache_module modules/mod_cache.so #LoadModule cache_disk_module modules/mod_cache_disk.so #LoadModule cache_socache_module modules/mod_cache_socache.so #LoadModule socache_shmcb_module modules/mod_socache_shmcb.so @@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ #LoadModule session_cookie_module modules/mod_session_cookie.so #LoadModule session_dbd_module modules/mod_session_dbd.so #LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so -#LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so +LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so #LoadModule lbmethod_byrequests_module modules/mod_lbmethod_byrequests.so #LoadModule lbmethod_bytraffic_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bytraffic.so #LoadModule lbmethod_bybusyness_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bybusyness.so @@ -136,16 +136,16 @@ LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so #LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so -#LoadModule cgid_module modules/mod_cgid.so +LoadModule cgid_module modules/mod_cgid.so #LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so #LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so #LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so #LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so #LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so -#LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so +LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so -#LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so +LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so <IfModule unixd_module> # @@ -156,8 +156,8 @@ # It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for # running httpd, as with most system services. # -User daemon -Group daemon +User www-data +Group www-data </IfModule> @@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ # e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such # as error documents. e.g. admin@your-domain.com # -ServerAdmin you@example.com +ServerAdmin itpadmin@itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp # # ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself. @@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ # # If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here. # -#ServerName www.example.com:80 +ServerName itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp:80 # # Deny access to the entirety of your server's filesystem. You must @@ -211,8 +211,8 @@ # documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but # symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations. # -DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/htdocs" -<Directory "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/htdocs"> +DocumentRoot "/home/itpass/public_html" +<Directory "/home/itpass/public_html"> # # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All", # or any combination of: @@ -234,10 +234,12 @@ # AllowOverride None + Order deny,allow + # # Controls who can get stuff from this server. # - Require all granted + Require all granted </Directory> # @@ -245,7 +247,7 @@ # is requested. # <IfModule dir_module> - DirectoryIndex index.html + DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.htm.en index.html.en index.htm.ja index.html.ja </IfModule> # @@ -263,7 +265,7 @@ # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # -ErrorLog "logs/error_log" +ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd-error.log" # # LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log. @@ -292,13 +294,13 @@ # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be # logged therein and *not* in this file. # - CustomLog "logs/access_log" common + # CustomLog "logs/access_log" common # # If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive. # - #CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined + CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined </IfModule> <IfModule alias_module> @@ -328,7 +330,7 @@ # client. The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias # directives as to Alias. # - ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/cgi-bin/" + ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin/" </IfModule> @@ -337,16 +339,16 @@ # ScriptSock: On threaded servers, designate the path to the UNIX # socket used to communicate with the CGI daemon of mod_cgid. # - #Scriptsock cgisock + Scriptsock cgisock </IfModule> # -# "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased +# "/usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased # CGI directory exists, if you have that configured. # -<Directory "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/cgi-bin"> - AllowOverride None - Options None +<Directory "/usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin/"> + AllowOverride AuthConfig Limit + Options +ExecCGI +FollowSymLinks +IncludesNoExec Require all granted </Directory> @@ -383,7 +385,7 @@ # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories: # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.) # - #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi + AddHandler cgi-script .cgi # For type maps (negotiated resources): #AddHandler type-map var @@ -455,13 +457,13 @@ #Include conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf # User home directories -#Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf +Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf # Real-time info on requests and configuration #Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf # Virtual hosts -#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf +Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf # Local access to the Apache HTTP Server Manual #Include conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf @@ -478,7 +480,7 @@ </IfModule> # Secure (SSL/TLS) connections -#Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf +Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf # # Note: The following must must be present to support # starting without SSL on platforms with no /dev/random equivalent @@ -488,7 +490,44 @@ SSLRandomSeed startup builtin SSLRandomSeed connect builtin </IfModule> + # +# Setting for Hiki Area +# +<Directory "/home/epalab/public_html/hiki"> + AllowOverride ALL + Options -MultiViews +</Directory> + +<Directory "/home/itpass/public_html/hiki"> + AllowOverride ALL + Options -MultiViews +</Directory> + +<Directory "/home/itpass/public_html/hiki-secret"> + AllowOverride ALL + Options -MultiViews +</Directory> + +<Directory "/home/uwabami/public_html/hiki"> + AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit Indexes Options=ExecCGI,FollowSymlinks + Options -MultiViews +</Directory> + +<Directory "/home/bldg3/public_html/hiki"> + AllowOverride ALL + Options -MultiViews +</Directory> + +<Directory "/home/fourtran/public_html/hiki"> + AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit Indexes Options=ExecCGI,FollowSymlinks + Options -MultiViews +</Directory> + +<Directory "/home/itpass/public_html/hiki-IPtable"> + AllowOverride ALL +</Directory> + # uncomment out the below to deal with user agents that deliberately # violate open standards by misusing DNT (DNT *must* be a specific # end-user choice)
extra/httpd-ssl.conf
chikuwa3@tako-itpass:/usr/local/apache2/conf$ sudo diff -u original/extra/httpd-ssl.conf extra/httpd-ssl.conf --- original/extra/httpd-ssl.conf 2015-10-22 18:15:25.262682670 +0900 +++ extra/httpd-ssl.conf 2015-10-22 12:24:46.814284081 +0900 @@ -49,7 +49,8 @@ # ensure these follow appropriate best practices for this deployment. # httpd 2.2.30, 2.4.13 and later force-disable aNULL, eNULL and EXP ciphers, # while OpenSSL disabled these by default in 0.9.8zf/1.0.0r/1.0.1m/1.0.2a. -SSLCipherSuite HIGH:MEDIUM:!MD5:!RC4 +#SSLCipherSuite HIGH:MEDIUM:!MD5:!RC4 +SSLCipherSuite ECDH+AESGCM:DH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:DH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:DH+AES:ECDH+3DES:DH+3DES:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:RSA+3DES:!aNULL:!MD5:!DSS SSLProxyCipherSuite HIGH:MEDIUM:!MD5:!RC4 # By the end of 2016, only TLSv1.2 ciphers should remain in use. @@ -69,7 +70,8 @@ # own preference of either security or performance, therefore this # must be the prerogative of the web server administrator who manages # cpu load versus confidentiality, so enforce the server's cipher order. -SSLHonorCipherOrder on +SSLHonorCipherOrder on +SSLCompression Off # SSL Protocol support: # List the protocol versions which clients are allowed to connect with. @@ -88,8 +90,8 @@ # Inter-Process Session Cache: # Configure the SSL Session Cache: First the mechanism # to use and second the expiring timeout (in seconds). -#SSLSessionCache "dbm:/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/logs/ssl_scache" -SSLSessionCache "shmcb:/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/logs/ssl_scache(512000)" +#SSLSessionCache "dbm:/usr/local/apache2/logs/ssl_scache" +#SSLSessionCache "shmcb:/usr/local/apache2/logs/ssl_scache(512000)" SSLSessionCacheTimeout 300 # OCSP Stapling (requires OpenSSL 0.9.8h or later) @@ -106,7 +108,7 @@ # the same mechanism that is used for the SSL session cache # above. If stapling is used with more than a few certificates, # the size may need to be increased. (AH01929 will be logged.) -#SSLStaplingCache "shmcb:/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/logs/ssl_stapling(32768)" +#SSLStaplingCache "shmcb:/usr/local/apache2/logs/ssl_stapling(32768)" # Seconds before valid OCSP responses are expired from the cache #SSLStaplingStandardCacheTimeout 3600 @@ -118,19 +120,22 @@ ## SSL Virtual Host Context ## -<VirtualHost _default_:443> +# NameVirtualHost *:433 +<VirtualHost *:443> # General setup for the virtual host -DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/htdocs" -ServerName www.example.com:443 -ServerAdmin you@example.com -ErrorLog "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/logs/error_log" -TransferLog "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/logs/access_log" +DocumentRoot "/home/itpass/public_html" +ServerName itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp:443 +ServerAdmin itpadmin@itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp +ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd-ssl-error.log" +TransferLog "/var/log/httpd-ssl-access.log" # SSL Engine Switch: # Enable/Disable SSL for this virtual host. SSLEngine on +SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 -SSLv3 + # Server Certificate: # Point SSLCertificateFile at a PEM encoded certificate. If # the certificate is encrypted, then you will be prompted for a @@ -141,9 +146,9 @@ # Some ECC cipher suites (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4492.txt) # require an ECC certificate which can also be configured in # parallel. -SSLCertificateFile "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/conf/server.crt" -#SSLCertificateFile "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/conf/server-dsa.crt" -#SSLCertificateFile "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/conf/server-ecc.crt" +SSLCertificateFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/ca/itpass/itpass.crt" +#SSLCertificateFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/server-dsa.crt" +#SSLCertificateFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/server-ecc.crt" # Server Private Key: # If the key is not combined with the certificate, use this @@ -151,9 +156,9 @@ # you've both a RSA and a DSA private key you can configure # both in parallel (to also allow the use of DSA ciphers, etc.) # ECC keys, when in use, can also be configured in parallel -SSLCertificateKeyFile "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/conf/server.key" -#SSLCertificateKeyFile "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/conf/server-dsa.key" -#SSLCertificateKeyFile "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/conf/server-ecc.key" +SSLCertificateKeyFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/ca/itpass/itpass.key" +#SSLCertificateKeyFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/server-dsa.key" +#SSLCertificateKeyFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/server-ecc.key" # Server Certificate Chain: # Point SSLCertificateChainFile at a file containing the @@ -162,7 +167,7 @@ # the referenced file can be the same as SSLCertificateFile # when the CA certificates are directly appended to the server # certificate for convenience. -#SSLCertificateChainFile "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/conf/server-ca.crt" +#SSLCertificateChainFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/server.crt" # Certificate Authority (CA): # Set the CA certificate verification path where to find CA @@ -171,8 +176,8 @@ # Note: Inside SSLCACertificatePath you need hash symlinks # to point to the certificate files. Use the provided # Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes. -#SSLCACertificatePath "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/conf/ssl.crt" -#SSLCACertificateFile "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/conf/ssl.crt/ca-bundle.crt" +#SSLCACertificatePath "/usr/local/apache2/conf/ssl.crt" +#SSLCACertificateFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/ssl.crt/ca-bundle.crt" # Certificate Revocation Lists (CRL): # Set the CA revocation path where to find CA CRLs for client @@ -183,8 +188,8 @@ # Note: Inside SSLCARevocationPath you need hash symlinks # to point to the certificate files. Use the provided # Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes. -#SSLCARevocationPath "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/conf/ssl.crl" -#SSLCARevocationFile "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/conf/ssl.crl/ca-bundle.crl" +#SSLCARevocationPath "/usr/local/apache2/conf/ssl.crl" +#SSLCARevocationFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/ssl.crl/ca-bundle.crl" #SSLCARevocationCheck chain # Client Authentication (Type): @@ -200,8 +205,8 @@ # file (containing login information for SRP user accounts). # Requires OpenSSL 1.0.1 or newer. See the mod_ssl FAQ for # detailed instructions on creating this file. Example: -# "openssl srp -srpvfile /usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/conf/passwd.srpv -add username" -#SSLSRPVerifierFile "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/conf/passwd.srpv" +# "openssl srp -srpvfile /usr/local/apache2/conf/passwd.srpv -add username" +#SSLSRPVerifierFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/passwd.srpv" # Access Control: # With SSLRequire you can do per-directory access control based @@ -249,7 +254,7 @@ <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$"> SSLOptions +StdEnvVars </FilesMatch> -<Directory "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/cgi-bin"> +<Directory "/usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin"> SSLOptions +StdEnvVars </Directory> @@ -284,7 +289,41 @@ # Per-Server Logging: # The home of a custom SSL log file. Use this when you want a # compact non-error SSL logfile on a virtual host basis. -CustomLog "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/logs/ssl_request_log" \ +CustomLog "/usr/local/apache2/logs/ssl_request_log" \ "%t %h %{SSL_PROTOCOL}x %{SSL_CIPHER}x \"%r\" %b" -</VirtualHost> +</VirtualHost> + +<VirtualHost *:443> +DocumentRoot "/home/aoelab/public_html" +ServerName aoe.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp:443 +ServerAdmin itpadmin@itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp +ErrorLog /var/log/httpd-ssl-error.log +TransferLog /var/log/httpd-ssl-access.log +SSLEngine on +#SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:!SSLv2:!SSLv3:+EXP:+eNULL +SSLCipherSuite ECDH+AESGCM:DH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:DH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:DH+AES:ECDH+3DES:DH+3DES:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:RSA+3DES:!aNULL:!MD5:!DSS +SSLCertificateFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/ca/aoe/aoe.crt" +SSLCertificateKeyFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/ca/aoe/aoe.key" +SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 -SSLv3 +SSLHonorCipherOrder On +SSLCompression Off +</VirtualHost> + +<VirtualHost *:443> +DocumentRoot "/home/epalab/public_html" +ServerName epa.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp:443 +ServerAdmin itpadmin@itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp +ErrorLog /var/log/httpd-ssl-error.log +TransferLog /var/log/httpd-ssl-access.log +SSLEngine on +#SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:!SSLv2:!SSLv3:+EXP:+eNULL +SSLCipherSuite ECDH+AESGCM:DH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:DH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:DH+AES:ECDH+3DES:DH+3DES:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:RSA+3DES:!aNULL:!MD5:!DSS +SSLCertificateFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/ca/epa/epa.crt" +SSLCertificateKeyFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/ca/epa/epa.key" +SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 -SSLv3 +SSLHonorCipherOrder On +SSLCompression Off +</VirtualHost> + +
extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
chikuwa3@tako-itpass:/usr/local/apache2/conf$ sudo diff -u original/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf extra/httpd-vhosts.conf --- original/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf 2015-10-22 18:17:09.778684650 +0900 +++ extra/httpd-vhosts.conf 2015-10-22 12:25:19.174284694 +0900 @@ -21,21 +21,72 @@ # match a ServerName or ServerAlias in any <VirtualHost> block. # <VirtualHost *:80> - ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com - DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/docs/dummy-host.example.com" - ServerName dummy-host.example.com - ServerAlias www.dummy-host.example.com - ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log" - CustomLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log" common +ServerAdmin itpadmin@itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp + DocumentRoot "/home/itpass/public_html" + ServerName itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp + ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd-error.log" + CustomLog "/var/log/httpd-access.log" combined + <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> + RewriteEngine On +# RewriteLog "/var/log/httpd-rewrite.log" +# RewriteLogLevel 0 + LogLevel alert rewrite:trace1 + RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !^443$ + RewriteRule ^/hiki/(.*)?$ https://itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/hiki/$1 [L,R,NE] + RewriteRule ^/hiki/(.*)?$ https://itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/hiki-secret/$1 [L,R,NE] + # ---- hiki + RewriteRule ^/hiki/(.*)?$ https://itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/hiki/$1 [L,R,NE] + RewriteRule ^/~bldg3/hiki/(.*)?$ https://itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/~bldg3/hiki/$1 [L,R,NE] + RewriteRule ^/~epalab/hiki/(.*)?$ https://itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/~epalab/hiki/$1 [L,R,NE] + RewriteRule ^/~itpass/hiki/(.*)?$ https://itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/~itpass/hiki/$1 [L,R,NE] + RewriteRule ^/~itpass/hiki-secret/(.*)?$ https://itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/~itpass/hiki-secret/$1 [L,R,NE] + # ---- gate + RewriteRule ^/~gate/(.*)?$ https://itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/~gate/$1 [L,R,NE] + RewriteRule ^/cgi-bin/(.*)?$ https://itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/cgi-bin/$1 [L,R,NE] + </IfModule> </VirtualHost> +# ---- aoelab ---- <VirtualHost *:80> - ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host2.example.com - DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache-httpd/httpd-2.4.17/docs/dummy-host2.example.com" - ServerName dummy-host2.example.com - ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host2.example.com-error_log" - CustomLog "logs/dummy-host2.example.com-access_log" common + ServerAdmin itpadmin@itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp + DocumentRoot "/home/aoelab/public_html" + ServerName aoe.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp + ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd-error.log" + CustomLog "/var/log/httpd-access.log" combined + <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> + RewriteEngine On +# RewriteLog "/var/log/httpd-rewrite.log" +# RewriteLogLevel 0 + LogLevel alert rewrite:trace1 + RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !^443$ + # ---- hiki + RewriteRule ^/hiki/(.*)?$ https://itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/hiki/$1 [L,R] + # ---- gate + RewriteRule ^/~gate/(.*)?$ https://itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/~gate/$1 [L,R,NE] + RewriteRule ^/cgi-bin/(.*)?$ https://itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/cgi-bin/$1 [L,R,NE] + </IfModule> </VirtualHost> +# ---- epalab ---- +<VirtualHost *:80> + ServerAdmin itpadmin@itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp + DocumentRoot "/home/epalab/public_html" + ServerName epa.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp + ErrorLog /var/log/httpd-error.log + CustomLog /var/log/httpd-access.log combined + <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> + RewriteEngine On +# RewriteLog "/var/log/httpd-rewrite.log" +# RewriteLogLevel 0 + LogLevel alert rewrite:trace1 + RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !^443$ + # ---- hiki + RewriteRule ^/hiki/(.*)?$ https://epa.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/hiki/$1 [L,R,NE] + # ---- gate + RewriteRule ^/~gate/(.*)?$ https://itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/~gate/$1 [L,R,NE] + RewriteRule ^/cgi-bin/(.*)?$ https://itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/cgi-bin/$1 [L,R,NE] + </IfModule> + </VirtualHost> +
extra/httpd-userdir.conf
chikuwa3@tako-itpass:/usr/local/apache2/conf$ sudo diff -u original/extra/httpd-userdir.conf extra/httpd-userdir.conf --- original/extra/httpd-userdir.conf 2015-10-22 18:15:56.770683267 +0900 +++ extra/httpd-userdir.conf 2015-10-22 10:28:50.730152293 +0900 @@ -1,3 +1,4 @@ +# -*- apache -*- # Settings for user home directories # # Required module: mod_authz_core, mod_authz_host, mod_userdir @@ -15,7 +16,14 @@ # <Directory "/home/*/public_html"> AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit Indexes - Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec + Options MultiViews Indexes FollowSymLinks IncludesNoExec Require method GET POST OPTIONS + <IfModule negotiation_module> + AddLanguage ja .ja + AddLanguage ja-JP .ja + AddLanguage en .en + LanguagePriority en ja + ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback + </IfModule> </Directory>
ログローテートの設定
- /etc/logrotate.conf を編集して圧縮オプションを追加する
- compressのコメントアウトを外す
/etc/logrotate.d/ 以下に apache2 ファイルをつくり, 以下の内容を書き込む.
/var/log/httpd-access.log { missingok weekly rotate 12 postrotate /usr/bin/killall -HUP httpd 2> /dev/null || true endscript } /var/log/httpd-error.log { delaycompress missingok weekly rotate 12 postrotate /usr/bin/killall -HUP httpd 2> /dev/null || true endscript } /var/log/httpd-ssl-access.log { missingok weekly rotate 12 postrotate /usr/bin/killall -HUP httpd 2> /dev/null || true endscript } /var/log/httpd-ssl-error.log { missingok weekly rotate 12 postrotate /usr/bin/killall -HUP httpd 2> /dev/null || true endscript }
SSL 用の証明書の作成
openssl の設定を変更
/etc/ssl/openssl.cnf について以下の二点の変更を加える.
- [usr_cert] セクションにある nsCertType=server のコメントアウトを外す
- [v3_ca] セクションにある nsCertType=sslCA,emailCA のコメントアウトを外す
プライベート CA の作成
apache の config ディレクトリに入り, 次のように証明書を格納するディレク トリを作成する.
# cd /usr/local/apache2/conf # mkdir ca # cd ./ca/ # mkdir {itpass,epa,aoe のそれぞれの名称で作成}
以下の作業は ServerName : itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp, epa.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp, aoe.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp のそれぞれについて行う. サーバ名を適宜読みかえ, 3 回実行する.
< 3 回実行する作業 ここから>
秘密鍵を生成する.
# openssl genrsa -out itpass.key 2048
公開鍵を生成する(SHA-2(256)形式).
# openssl req -new -sha256 -key itpass.key -out itpass.csr
自己署名証明書を作成する.
# openssl x509 -req -in itpass.csr -signkey itpass.key -out itpass.crt Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]: JP State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]: Hyogo Locality Name (eg, city) []: Kobe Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]: Kobe University Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: ITPASS (epa, aoe のときはそれぞれ "EPA lab.", "AOE lab." として登録) Common Name (eg, YOUR name) : itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp (ここは itpass の他に, epa, aoe の分をそれぞれ作成する) Email Address: itpadmin_at_itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp A challenge password: (空で Enter) A optional company name: (空で Enter)
生成された鍵や証明書をディレクトリに格納する.
< 3 回実行する作業 ここまで>
ここまでを itpass, epa, aoe のそれぞれについて計 3 回行う.
動作チェック
- apache を起動する前に, ドキュメントルートとなるディレクトリを作成する.
- /home/ 以下に itpass/, epalab/, aoe/ という名前のディレクトリを作る
- さらにそれぞれのディレクトリ内に public_html/ という名前のディレクトリを作る
- apache を起動する
apache は /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl で起動/停止する
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -k start
起動したかどうかを以下のコマンドで確認する.
# ps aux | grep http
画面左端に www-data と表示されている行があれば, 起動していると分かる.
- ~itpass/public_html/ に test という名前のディレクトリを作成し, その中に test.txt というファイルを作成する
- ブラウザで text.txt が正常に表示されるかどうかを確認する
- URL は http://tako-itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/test/test.txt, https://tako-itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/test/test.txt
- "http://..." と "https://..." の両方に関して行う.
- URL は http://tako-itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/test/test.txt, https://tako-itpass.scitec.kobe-u.ac.jp/test/test.txt
apache を停止する
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -k graceful-stop
- 停止したかどうかを確認する
- apache のエラーログ /var/log/httpd-error.log を確認し, エラーなどが出ていないことを確認する
起動スクリプトの用意
- サーバの起動時に apache が起動させるための起動スクリプトを用意する.
- Debian 8 から導入された systemd による起動設定を行なう.
具体的には, <URL:http://www.smiyasaka.com/CentOS7.0_server21.html> を参考に, /etc/systemd/system に apache2.service を作成する.
chikuwa2@tako-itpass /etc/systemd/system % cat apache2.service [Unit] Description=httpd-2.4.17 daemon [Service] Type=forking ExecStart=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target%
起動テストを行い, 起動の確認をする
$ sudo systemctl start apache2 $ ps aux | grep httpd
システム起動時に apache が立ち上がるようにするために追加設定を行う.
$ sudo systemctl enable apache2
- 再起動して apache が起動するかを確認する.
- 起動していることを確認する.
Keyword(s):
References: